10 Things That Your Family Taught You About Machine Espresso
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Machine espresso employs precise pressure and mind-blowing filter technology to create the coffee we love. What exactly is it?

The Head of the Group
The group head is the portafilter you insert when brewing retro espresso machine. It is responsible for dispersing water into the portafilter and then controlling the pressure that results from the extraction. There are various kinds of group head each with its unique advantages and disadvantages. Some are designed for the stability of temperature while some are specifically designed to handle pre-infusion. Some are designed to control the lever. There are even some that contain a variety of features, like the E61 that is the standard choice for many baristas because of its ability to offer multiple benefits in a single package.
As you can see in the photo above the group head is fitted with several notches. You place your portafilter in these notches and then twist the head to lock it. There is also a gasket made of rubber that is a part of the notches, which helps create an airtight seal when you insert your portafilter into the machine. The notches permit the precise placement of the portafilter. This is crucial to ensure an accurate extraction.
In addition to allowing you effortlessly insert your portafilter the group head is also responsible for maintaining an even temperature. It does this by circulating hot water through the brew pan and around the portafilter, ensuring that it is always at the correct temperature for extraction. It is important to realize that even a small difference can make the difference between a good and great espresso.
The Pump
Motorized pumps in espresso machines that rotate provide the nine atmospheric bar pressure required to extract espresso. This differs from manually operated piston machines that employ levers. The pressure builds by removing tap water from a reservoir and pumping it through a heat exchanger prior to it is shot through the ground coffee in the group head.
Pumps tend to be less expensive and last for longer than piston-driven machines. However, both kinds of machines can deteriorate because of excessive use and poor cleaning. They also create mechanical complexity that can lead to a high price tag on even the most basic models.
Certain espresso machines eliminate the pump completely and instead utilize steam pressure to make espresso. The disadvantage of this is that the same dual boiler espresso machine that produces steam also raises the temperature of water to the point of boiling, which can lead to over-extraction. The machines also need to continually rebuild their pressure between cups. This requires energy and time.
Many espresso machines make use of the rotary or vibration pump, with a vibration model using a rotating disc to create the pressure, and a rotary model pushing hot water through the grounds under high speed. Both types of machines can produce an excellent espresso, however the rotary models are quieter and more durable than vibration pumps.
The Boiler
The boiler makes the water warm to a temperature that is ideal for extraction. The steam that is produced gets to the portafilter which holds the espresso grounds. It is then pumped into the cup. The steam creates pressure and pushes through the grounds of the coffee. This creates a crema on top of the espresso. This is a sign of a great cheap espresso machine.
There are three distinct types of espresso machines, each having distinct pumps and brew temperature. There are also different ways that the brew can be controlled, as well as the size of the cup the maker can create.
The first espresso machines were steam-type. They utilized a single boiler to make both steam and brew, however the pressure they were able to produce was very low - just two bars of atmospheric pressure, at most. This led to the coffee tasting bitter and burnt. The modern espresso machine was created by the Milanese producers Luigi Bezzerra & Desiderio Pavoni.
The most popular espresso machine is a semiautomatic with an electric pump. When people think of espresso machines, they envision these machines. With a semi-automatic espresso machine, you need to grind the beans and then tamp them by hand. The pump is able to regulate the flow of water and pressure. This is a perfect compromise between human control and mechanised consistency.
The Filter
Espresso machines typically have filters that separate the coffee grounds from the hot water. The filter is also a vital part of the machine's temperature control, since it stops overheating.
A filter can also help with flavor because it allows for a longer flowering phase. This helps the beans release their flavor and gives an opportunity for better extraction.
It is important to keep in mind that even the best filter can produce a bad cup of coffee. The quality of the beans as well as the extraction, remain vital.
It's in this area that the magic takes place. This is the reason why espresso tastes so delicious. The grouphead, often referred to as the brew head, is the place where the portafilter (the container you place the coffee grounds into) sits when you're making espresso.
Steam-driven espresso machines make use of hot water that is heated in an airtight container to produce steam. The steam then moves hot water through the coffee grounds under high pressure. These kinds of machines tend to be less expensive and simpler to maintain than pumps-driven models. However, they are limited in their ability to produce the perfect conditions for brewing, because they operate at 1-1.5 bars of pressure. However, the perfect shot requires 9-10 bar.
In recent years, home espresso machine machines powered by compressed air-pump are becoming increasingly popular. They use an air-compressor to push hot water through the ground, and are more mobile than steam-driven electric espresso machines.

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